智慧財產權月刊 191 期 - page 14

14
本月專題
散布權之適用
103.11 智慧財產權月刊 VOL.191
伍、美國著作權法之散布權相關規定
美國著作權法有關散布權、散布權耗盡及平行輸入,涉及美國著作權法第
106
條(
3
)款、第
109
條(
a
)項及第
602
條(
a
)項之規定。
一、第
106
條第
3
款「在第
107
條至第
122
的限制下,著作權人就其著作享有
下述各種專屬排他性權利:(
3
)以買賣或其他移轉所有權之方式或出
租、出借等方式將著作之重製物或錄音物向公眾散布
21
。」,此為散布
權之規定,其散布權除包含買賣外,尚包含出租與出借。
二、關於散布權耗盡則規定於第
109
條(
a
)項,其內容為:「縱有第
106
條第
3
款之規定,依本法合法作成之特定重製物或錄音物之所有人或其所授權之
人,得不經著作權人之授權,出賣或處分該重製物或錄音物
22
。」
三、輸入權則規定於第
602
條(
a
)項,其內容為「未經本法所稱著作權人之授
權,將於美國境外取得之著作重製物或錄音物輸入美國者,係侵害第
106
條所定散布重製物或錄音物之專屬性權利,得依第
501
條規定追訴之
23
。」
此一規定,賦予權利人輸入權。
美國司法實務之判斷
Quality King Distributors, Inc. v. L'anza Research
International
1998
美國最高法院審認被告未經授權販賣「於美國境內製造,出口至經授權之國
外經銷商,再輾轉被回銷至美國」之真品為合法,確立「著作權人於美國境內所
21
Section 106
3
):
Subject to sections 107 through 122, the owner of copyright under this title has the
exclusive rights to do and to authorize any of the following:
3
to distribute copies or phonorecords
of the copyrighted work to the public
by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or
lending.
22
Section 109
a
):
Notwithstanding the provisions of section 106
3
, the owner of a particular copy
or phonorecord
lawfully made under this title
, or any person authorized by such owner, is entitled,
without the authority of the copyright owner, to sell or otherwise dispose of the possession of that copy
or phonorecord.
23
Section 602
a
):
Importation into the United States, without the authority of the owner of copyright
under this title, of copies or phonorecords of a work that have been acquired outside the United States
is an infringement of the exclusive right to distribute copies or phonorecords under section 106
,
actionable under section 501.
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