智慧財產權月刊227 期

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8 106.11 智慧財產權月刊 VOL.227
本月專題
美國法院對於角色著作權保護之判斷標準―
研析美國第九巡迴上訴法院 DC Comics v. Towle 一案
̙ঐաՑഹЪᛆڭᚐdЪ٫̀඲ו աਗ਼ԉЍ౜ᖭʔ૶౸੭הԸʘʔлഐ؈ 4d౬
ԊʘdԉЍ඲຾૶౸౜ᖭ֐Ϟ̙ঐաഹЪᛆڭ ᚐdߕ਷ኪ٫ 5 ʿܝᚃ޴ᗫ˖ᘠਗ਼
৫جٙԈ༆˸˜૶౸౜ᖭᅺ๟™၈ʘd༈ᅺ๟͜˸кᓙԉЍ݊щމաഹЪᛆٙڭ
ᚐ܄᜗ʘࠅ΁f
Ϥᅺ๟ʘၚग़͵׵ί Burroughs v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer,Inc. 6 ɓࣩʕቇ͜d
༈ࣩ৫جႩމ˜इʆ™ࡡ֐ʃႭʕה౜ࠑʘ˴ԉइʆdՉቃ࿊ʿतሯʊ̂ʱήတ
ԑ˜૶౸౜ᖭᅺ๟™d݂̙ϓމዹͭաഹЪᛆڭجღʘɛيԉЍf˜૶౸౜ᖭᅺ
๟™ߕމ਷̡جྼਕఱԉЍաഹЪᛆڭᚐd௰ϘܔͭʘႩ֛ᅺ๟dϾϓމ кᓙԉ
ЍהऒʿഹЪᛆڧᛆنᙄࣛהቇ͜ʘɓছ׌ࡡۆ 7f
˜૶౸౜ᖭᅺ๟™ᒱڷɓкᓙԉЍ݊щ̙ഹЪ׌ʘ ࠅ΁d್ՉӺ ڷɓਜʱӻ
نԉЍʘ᙮׌Ӻ᙮׵˜ܠซ™͵ א݊˜༺ڌ™ʘ಻༊ جdڷא кᓙӻنԉЍ݊щ
຾૶౸౜ᖭϾՈ௪ഹЪڭᚐࠅ΁˜ࡡ௴׌™ʘкᓙ ? ୋɚԚ৙ɪൡ৫ج ׵ Nichols
ࣩʘሞࠑϞε၇༆ᙑ٤ගfεᅰ˖ᘠႩ ٫ۃ᙮މd຅༈ԉЍ຾૶౸౜ᖭ˲׵݂ԫ
ʕ̂ʱ೯࢝dՉ༺ڌ׌൳੶d ܠซ׌൳ࢮdฏ̙ঐաഹЪᛆ ڭᚐ 8fϤࣛ̀඲ء
จٙ݊dуԴӻ نԉЍ຾૶౸౜ᖭ ܝd֠඲Ύ˸̀ࠅఙ౻ࡡۆᏨ᜕dνӻن ԉЍ
ʥ༈މ त֛݂ԫ˴ᕚʔ̙אॹٙɓছ׌ʩ९٫dуʔաഹЪᛆجʘڭᚐ 9f
್͉˖ႩމୋɚԚ৙ɪൡ৫جԨ͊ਗ਼Ϥɓᅺ๟ࠢ׵ਜʱӻنԉЍމ˜ ܠซ™
א˜༺ڌ™ʘ༶͜d༈ᅺ๟ʘ༶͜͵̙ʿ׵ӻنԉЍ݊щϞй׵ɓছ࿕Ϟϓ஝ٙ
ԉЍ€stock charactersdאᙇމᜦ᎘ɛيeᜦ᎘ԉЍʘкᓙᅺ๟dуৰ͜׵ਜ፫
׵ӻنԉЍڷ˜ܠซ™א ݊˜༺ڌ™̮d͵̙ආɓӉ͜׵ӻنԉЍ݊щ຾૶౸౜
4 Id, at 121(It follows that the less developed the characters, the less they can be copyrighted; that is the
penalty an author must bear for marking them too indistinctly.)
5 Kenneth E. Spahn, The Legal Protection Of Fictional Characters, 9 U. MIAMI ENT. & SPORTS L.
REV. 333(1992).
6 Burroughs v. Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer,Inc., 519 F.Supp. (S.D.N.Y.1981) aff'd, 636 F.2d 1200 (2d Cir.
1982). (As noted by Judge Learned Hand in Nichols, however, it is only well-developed characters that
are subject to copyright protection.)
7 Olson v. National Broadcasting Co., 855 F.2d 1446 (9th Cir. 1988).Warner Bros. v. American
Broadcasting Cos., 720 F.2d 231, 239 (2d Cir. 1983); Sid & Marty Krofft Television Prods. v.
McDonald's Corp., 562 F.2d 1157, 1163 (9th Cir. 1977).
8 See 1 MELVILLE B. NIMMER & DAVID NIMMER, NIMMER ON COPYRIGHT ² 2.12 (Matthew
Bender & Co. ed. 2009).
9 Kenneth E. Spahn, The Legal Protection Of Fictional Characters, 9 U. MIAMI ENT. & SPORTS L.
REV. 333, 334 (1992).