智慧財產權月刊 225 期

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106.09 智慧財產權月刊 VOL.225 7
本月專題
進步性判斷方式及論理之探討―以發明專利進步性審查基準修訂為例
壹、前言
ආӉ׌ʘᄲݟ ஗ʮႩމਖ਼лࠅ΁ʕ௰Ѣᗭdɰ௰׸ˏৎن ᙄٙࠅ΁dΪމ׵
͡ሗ˚˸ܝʘࣛᓃdᏨൖ͡ሗۃ ʊʮකٙ΋ۃҦஔd͉ఱ࢙׸πί˴ᝈɪٙܝԈ
ʘ׼ 3f΢਷ਖ਼л҅ʿމ৫ج əኋඎᒒеϤ၇˴ᝈʘԈdѩ ߧɢ׵ܔͭ܄ᝈʷٙ
ආӉ׌кᓙᅺ๟ א˙όdΎႾ˸܄ᝈeՈ᜗ٙሞଣࡡ ۆd˸ਂ̈ቇʲٙආӉ׌к
ᓙf TIPO Ϟᛠ׵ 2013 ϋوආӉ׌ᄲݟਿ๟ʕϞᗫආӉ׌ʘкᓙӉ᜷ 5 ٙݖ ࿴ʔ
੄׼ᆽeˏᗇගଡ଼Υਗዚʘሞࠑʔၚᆽd˸ʿ˜кᓙ݊щঐჀ׸ҁϓ͡ሗਖ਼лʘ
೯׼ٙ዆᜗™ٙሞଣܸˏʔԑdމ౤ʺආӉ׌ٙᄲݟۜሯၾᅠᄳۜሯd༹׵ਞϽ
΢਷ආӉ׌ʘ޴ᗫج஝ʿᄲ ݟਿ๟ܝdʚ˸ ࠈࡌfࡌ͍ਿ๟ʘlz࢙dܼ̍ሜ዆௅
ʱݖ࿴ʿᄣ̋кᓙlz࢙dԴආӉ׌ٙкᓙݴ೻һ׼ᆽʷf̤อᄣࣩԷႭ׼˸̂ྼ
ਿ๟lz࢙˲ঐ͍ᆽቇ͜dᔟϤdಂૐঐ౤ʺᄲݟۜሯ˸ʿၚආᅠᄳۜሯdԨԴᄲ
ݟʘႩ֛ᅺ๟һɓ ߧʷ˲һՈ̙ཫ಻׌f
貳、歐、美、日審查進步性之判斷方式
一、歐洲專利局（EPO）
（一）問題解決法
މəঐ˸܄ᝈ˲̙ཫಂٙ˙όԸкᓙආӉ׌dEPO ࣬ኽкԷ೯ج ࢝
̈ዹतٙਪᕚ༆Ӕج€problem-solution approach d˴ࠅʱމɧࡈචݬ 4j
€1ᆽ֛˜௰ટڐٙ΋ۃҦஔ™€the closest prior artd€2ܔ࿴૧ה
༆Ӕٙ˜܄ᝈٙҦஔਪᕚ™€objective technical problemd˸ʿ€3੽
௰ટڐ ΋ۃҦஔʿ܄ᝈҦஔਪᕚމ̈೯ᓃdϽඎ͡ሗਖ਼лʘ೯׼࿁ᆞ઄
༈ධҦஔ٫€the skilled person ϾԊ݊щމᜑϾ׸ٝٙ€obviousf
׵ୋɓචݬd̀඲΋፯֛௰ટ ڐٙ΋ۃҦஔdՉஷ੬ މఊɓˏᗇ˖
ᘠd˲౧ͪεࡈ तᅄʘଡ଼ΥϾ࿴ϓ̙೯࢝̈͡ሗਖ਼лʘ೯׼ٙ௰Գ̈೯
3 "The tendency to resort to¨hindsight©based upon applicant's disclosure is often difficult to avoid due to
the very nature of the examination process." USPTO, MPEP 2142.(at 2100-142) (Rev. 07, 2015. 11).
4 EPO Examination Guidelines, Part G VII-2, November 2016 edition.